Chigaro chemavhiri (W/C) chigaro chine mavhiri, chinonyanya kushandiswa kuvanhu vane matambudziko ekushanda kana mamwe matambudziko ekufamba. Kuburikidza nekudzidziswa kwevhiri, kufamba kwevanhu vakaremara nevanhu vane matambudziko ekufamba kunogona kuvandudzwa zvikuru, uye kugona kwavo kuita mabasa ezuva nezuva uye kutora chikamu mumabasa emagariro evanhu kunogona kuvandudzwa. Zvisinei, zvese izvi zvakavakirwa papfungwa huru: kurongeka kwevhiri ramavhiri rakakodzera.
Chigaro chevhiri chakakodzera chinogona kudzivirira varwere kuti vasapedze simba rakawanda remuviri, kuvandudza kufamba, kuderedza kuvimba nenhengo dzemhuri, uye kuita kuti vakwanise kupora zvakakwana. Zvikasadaro, zvichakonzera kukuvara kweganda, maronda ekumanikidzwa, kuzvimba kwemakumbo ese ari maviri, kuremara kwemusana, njodzi yekudonha, kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama nekugumburwa, nezvimwewo kuvarwere.
1. Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa pazvigaro zvevane mavhiri
① Kudzikira kwakanyanya kwekushanda kwetsoka: zvakaita sekutemwa makumbo, kutyoka, kuoma mitezo uye kurwadziwa;
② Kusafamba zvichienderana nezano rachiremba;
③ Kushandisa wiricheya pakufamba kunogona kuwedzera mabasa ezuva nezuva, kusimudzira mashandiro emwoyo nemapupa, uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwemunhu;
④ Vanhu vane hurema hwemakumbo nemakumbo;
⑤ Vanhu vakwegura.
2. Kupatsanurwa kwezvigaro zvevane mawiricheya
Zvichienderana nezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakakuvara uye mabasa akasara, mawiricheya akakamurwa kuita mawiricheya akajairwa, mawiricheya emagetsi uye mawiricheya akakosha. Mawiricheya akakosha akakamurwa kuita mawiricheya akamira, mawiricheya akarara, mawiricheya anotyairwa nedivi rimwe chete, mawiricheya emagetsi uye mawiricheya anokwikwidzana zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana.
3. Kungwarira pakusarudza wiricheya
Mufananidzo: Dhayagiramu yekuyera parameter yechigaro chemavhiri a: kureba kwechigaro; b: upamhi hwechigaro; c: kureba kwechigaro; d: kureba kwechigaro cheruoko; e: kureba kwechigaro chemusana
Kureba kwechigaro
Yera daro kubva pachitsitsinho (kana chitsitsinho) kusvika padimple paunenge wakagara, wobva wawedzera 4cm. Pakuisa chitsigiro chetsoka, bhodhi rinofanira kunge riri 5cm kubva pasi. Kana chigaro chakakwirira zvakanyanya, wiricheya haigone kuiswa padivi petafura; kana chigaro chakaderera zvakanyanya, ischial bone inorema zvakanyanya.
b Upamhi hwechigaro
Yera daro riri pakati pemagaro maviri kana zvidya zviviri paunenge wakagara, wobva wawedzera 5cm, kureva kuti, pane mukaha we2.5cm kudivi rega rega mushure mekugara. Kana chigaro chakamanikana, zvinonetsa kukwira nekubuda pawiricheya, uye matishu emagaro nezvidya zvakamanikidzwa; kana chigaro chakafara zvakanyanya, hazvisi nyore kugara pasi zvakatsiga, zvinonetsa kushandisa wiricheya, makumbo ekumusoro anoneta nyore nyore, uye zvinonetsawo kupinda nekubuda pamusuwo.
c Kureba kwechigaro
Yera daro rakatambanuka kubva pamagaro kusvika kumhasuru yemuzongoza wegumbo kana wagara pasi, wobvisa 6.5cm kubva pamhedzisiro yekuyerwa. Kana chigaro chiri chipfupi, huremu hunonyanya kuwira paischium, uye nzvimbo yemuzongoza inowanzo kumanikidzwa zvakanyanya; kana chigaro chiri chirefu, chichadzvanya nzvimbo yepopliteal, chinokanganisa kutenderera kweropa munharaunda, uye chinotsamwisa ganda munzvimbo iyi nyore nyore. Kune varwere vane zvidya zvipfupi zvakanyanya kana chiuno nemabvi, zviri nani kushandisa chigaro chipfupi.
d Kureba kweruoko
Kana wakagara pasi, ruoko rwepamusoro rwunomira rwakatwasuka uye ruoko rwepamusoro runoiswa pachigaro cheruoko. Yera kukwirira kubva pamusoro pechigaro kusvika kumucheto wepasi weruoko wobva wawedzera 2.5cm. Kureba kwakakodzera kwechigaro cheruoko kunobatsira kuchengetedza chimiro chakakodzera chemuviri uye kuenzana, uye kunogona kuisa makumbo epamusoro munzvimbo yakasununguka. Kana ruoko rwepamusoro rwakanyanya kureba, ruoko rwepamusoro runomanikidzwa kusimuka uye runowanzo kuneta. Kana ruoko rwepamusoro rwakanyanya kuderera, muviri wepamusoro unofanirwa kukotamira mberi kuti urambe wakaringana, izvo zvisingangoiti kuneta chete, asi zvinogonawo kukanganisa kufema.
Kureba kwebackrest
Kana musana wakakwira, ndipo paunogara wakadzikama, ndipo paunogara wakadzika, ndipo paunogara wakadzika, muviri wepamusoro nemakumbo ekumusoro zvinofamba zvakanyanya. Chinonzi low backrest ndechekuyera daro kubva pachigaro kuenda kuhapwa (ruoko rumwe kana ose akatambanudzwa mberi), wobvisa 10cm kubva pamhedzisiro iyi. Backrest yakakwirira: kuyera kukwirira chaiko kubva pachigaro kuenda kufudzi kana kumashure kwemusoro.
Chigaro chechigaro
Kuti chigaro chinyarare uye chisanyanya kudzvanywa, chigaro chinofanira kuiswa pachigaro. Rabha yefuro (5~10cm ukobvu) kana gel cushion zvinogona kushandiswa. Kuti chigaro chisanyure, plywood ine ukobvu hwe 0.6cm inogona kuiswa pasi pechigaro.
Zvimwe zvikamu zvekubatsira zvewiricheya
Yakagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa nevarwere vakasiyana, zvakaita sekuwedzera kukweshana kwemubato, kuwedzera bhureki, mudziyo unodzivirira kuvhunduka, mudziyo unodzivirira kutsvedza, ruoko rwakaiswa pachigaro cheruoko, uye tafura yevhiri kuti varwere vadye nekunyora.
4. Zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvemawiricheya ezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana nekukuvara
① Kune varwere vane hemiplegia, varwere vanogona kuchengetedza kugara zvakanaka vasina kutarisirwa uye vasina dziviriro vanogona kusarudza wiricheya yakajairika ine chigaro chakaderera, uye nzvimbo yekutsamira tsoka negumbo zvinogona kubviswa kuitira kuti gumbo rakasimba rigone kubata pasi zvizere uye wiricheya igone kudzorwa nemakumbo epamusoro neezasi ane hutano. Kune varwere vane hutano husina kunaka kana kusashanda zvakanaka kwepfungwa, zvinokurudzirwa kusarudza wiricheya inosundwa nevamwe, uye avo vanoda rubatsiro kubva kune vamwe kuti vatamire vanofanira kusarudza nzvimbo yekutsamira ruoko inobviswa.
② Kune varwere vane quadriplegia, varwere vane C4 (C4, chikamu chechina chemutsipa wemuromo wechibereko) uye pamusoro vanogona kusarudza wheelchair yemagetsi inodzorwa nemhepo kana chirebvu kana wheelchair inosundwa nevamwe. Varwere vane kukuvara kuri pasi peC5 (C5, chikamu chechishanu chemutsipa wemuromo wechibereko) vanogona kuvimba nesimba rekutenderera kwegumbo rekumusoro kuti vashande mubato wakatwasuka, saka wheelchair yepamusoro inodzorwa neruoko inogona kusarudzwa. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti varwere vane orthostatic hypotension vanofanira kusarudza wheelchair yepamusoro inotenderedzwa, kuisa headrest, uye kushandisa footrest inobviswa ine angle inogadzirisika yemabvi.
③ Zvinodiwa nevarwere vakaremara vezvigaro zvemawiricheya zvakafanana, uye zvinodiwa zvezvigaro zvinosarudzwa nenzira yekuyera muchinyorwa chapfuura. Kazhinji, nzvimbo dzekurerekera maoko pfupi dzinosarudzwa, uye makiyi ecaster anoiswa. Avo vane spasms yemakumbo kana clonus vanofanirwa kuwedzera tambo dzemakumbo nemhete dzezvitsitsinho. Matayi akaomarara anogona kushandiswa kana mamiriro emugwagwa munzvimbo yekugara akanaka.
④ Kune varwere vane makumbo akachekwa, kunyanya makumbo akachekwa, nzvimbo inokwevera muviri inenge yachinja zvikuru. Kazhinji, axle inofanira kudzoserwa kumashure uye tsvimbo dzinodzivirira marara dzinofanira kuiswa kudzivirira mushandisi kuti asadzokere kumashure. Kana dzakashongedzerwa neprosthesis, nzvimbo dzekuzororera makumbo netsoka dzinofanirawo kuiswa.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-15-2024