1. Nhanganyaya
- Kukosha kwekusarudza wiricheya yakakodzera
Kukosha kwekusarudza wiricheya yakakodzera hakufanirwe kutaurwa zvakanyanya sezvo kuchikanganisa zvakananga mararamiro evanhu vakaremara. wiricheya haisi nzira yekufambisa chete, asiwo chishandiso chakakosha chekuti vanhu vatore chikamu muzviitiko zvezuva nezuva, vashamwaridzane, uye varambe vakazvimiririra. Saka, kusarudza wiricheya yakakodzera kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekunyaradzwa, kuchengetedzeka, uye kushanda zvakanaka.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekufunga nezvazvo pakusarudza wiricheya izvinodiwa nemunhu wacho uye mamiriro ake emuviri. Mhando dzakasiyana dzewiricheya dzakagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana, zvakaita sewiricheya dzinoshandiswa nemaoko dzevanhu vane simba repamusoro, wiricheya dzine simba dzevanhu vane mafambiro mashoma, uye wiricheya dzakagadzirwa nemaoko dzezvirwere zvakasiyana. Kuongorora kufamba kwemushandisi, chimiro chake, uye kunyaradzwa kwake kwakakosha pakusarudza wiricheya yakakodzera.
Pamusoro pezvo, saizi nehukuru hwechigaro chako chevhiri zvine basa rakakosha pakuona kuti chakakodzera uye chinotsigirwa zvakanaka. Chigaro chevhiri chisina kukwana chinogona kukonzera kusagadzikana, maronda ekumanikidzwa uye matambudziko emapfupa nemapfupa. Saka, zvinhu zvakaita sehupamhi hwechigaro, kudzika, uye kukwirira zvinofanirwa kufungwa nezvazvo, pamwe nenzvimbo yezvigaro zvemaoko, zvigaro zvetsoka, uye zvigaro zvemusana kuti zvipe rutsigiro rwakakodzera uye kurongeka kwemushandisi.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chekufunga nezvacho inzvimbo ichashandiswa wiricheya. Zvinhu zvakaita sekugona kufamba munzvimbo diki, kusvikika munzvimbo dzakasiyana, uye zvinodiwa zvekufambisa zvinofanirwa kufungwa nezvazvo. Semuenzaniso, vanhu vane mararamiro anoshanda vanogona kuda wiricheya yakareruka, inotakurika, nepo vanhu vanogara kwenguva yakareba vanogona kubatsirwa nekunyaradzwa kwakanyanya uye zvinhu zvinoderedza kumanikidzwa.
Pamusoro pezvo, kugara kwenguva refu uye kunaka kwechigaro chevhiri kwakakosha pakushandiswa kwenguva refu. Kutenga chigaro chevhiri chakagadzirwa zvakanaka kunogona kudzivirira kugadziriswa kana kutsiva nguva nenguva, zvichizopedzisira zvachengetedza nguva nezvinhu. Zvakakosha kufunga nezvezvinhu, kuvaka uye zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa kuitira kuti chigaro chevhiri chigone kugara kwenguva refu uye chishande zvakanaka.
Muchidimbu, kusarudza wiricheya yakakodzera chisarudzo chakakosha chinokanganisa zvakananga kugara zvakanaka uye kufamba kwevanhu vakaremara mumuviri. Nekufunga nezvezvinodiwa nemushandisi, mamiriro emuviri, nharaunda uye mhando yewiricheya, vanhu vanogona kuvandudza kugadzikana kwavo, kuzvimiririra uye hupenyu hwese. Saka, kuongororwa kwakakwana uye kubvunzana nenyanzvi yehutano kwakakosha pakusarudza wiricheya yakakodzera munhu wega wega.
- Pfupiso yemhando dzakasiyana dzemawiricheya
Pakusarudza rudzi rwakakodzera rwewiricheya, zvakakosha kufunga nezvezvinodiwa nemushandisi uye zvaanoda. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzewiricheya dziripo, imwe neimwe yakagadzirirwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa uye mararamiro akasiyana. Rumwe rudzi rwakakurumbira iwiricheya yemaoko, inofambiswa nemushandisi kana muchengeti anosunda mavhiri. Mawiricheya aya akareruka, anotakurika, uye ari nyore kushandisa uye akakodzera vanhu vane simba repamusoro uye kufamba zvakanaka.
Rumwe rudzi rwewiricheya iwiricheya ine simba, iyo inoshandiswa nemagetsi uye inodzorwa uchishandisa joystick kana chimwe chinhu chinopinzwa. Mawiricheya aya akanakira vanhu vane mafambiro mashoma kana simba shoma sezvo anopa rusununguko rwakakura uye kugona kufamba munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana zviri nyore. Mawiricheya emagetsi anouya mumhando dzakasiyana, dzinosanganisira mid-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive, uye front-wheel drive, imwe neimwe ichipa maficha akasiyana uye mabhenefiti ekuzadzisa zvinodiwa nevashandisi vakasiyana.
- Zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutariswa pakusarudza wheelchair
Pakusarudza wiricheya, zvakakosha kunyatsofunga nezvezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti inosangana nezvinodiwa nemushandisi. Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chekurangarira inyaya yekunyaradzwa uye rutsigiro runopihwa newiricheya. Zvakakosha kusarudza wiricheya inopa rubatsiro rwakakwana rwekutsvinda uye rutsigiro rwemusana kudzivirira kusagadzikana nematambudziko ehutano.
Pamusoro pezvo, kufamba-famba uye kugona kwechigaro chevhiri zvinhu zvakakosha zvekufunga nezvazvo. Chigaro chevhiri chinofanira kunge chiri nyore kufamba nacho munzvimbo dzakasiyana, dzakadai senzvimbo dzakamanikana kana nzvimbo dzisina kuenzana. Izvi zvinobvumira mushandisi kufamba-famba ari ega uye zvinobudirira.
Uyezve, kugara kwenguva refu uye kunaka kwechigaro chevhiri kwakakosha pakushandiswa kwenguva refu. Zvakakosha kusarudza chigaro chevhiri chakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro chinogona kutsungirira kusakara kwezuva nezuva.
Kazhinji, kusarudza wiricheya yakakodzera kunosanganisira kunyatsoongorora zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti inosangana nezvinodiwa nemushandisi. Nekufunga nezvezvinhu zvakaita sekunyaradzwa, kufamba, uye kugara kwenguva refu, unogona kusarudza wiricheya inopa rutsigiro rwakakodzera uye mashandiro anodiwa pakushandisa zuva nezuva.
二. Rudzi rweWheelchair
- Wheelchair yemaoko
- Zvinhu uye Mabhenefiti
Pakusarudza wiricheya yemaoko, zvakakosha kufunga nezvehunhu hwayo uye mabhenefiti ayo kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inosangana nezvaunoda. Kunzwisisa mabhenefiti uye mabhenefiti ewiricheya yemaoko kunogona kukubatsira kuita sarudzo ine ruzivo uye kusarudza sarudzo inonyatsokodzera kufamba kwako uye kugadzikana.
Hunhu hwechigaro chevhiri chinofambiswa nemaoko hunokosha pakuona mashandiro aro uye mashandisirwo aro. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zvekufunga nezvazvo zvinosanganisira huremu nehukuru hwechigaro chevhiri, furemu, saizi nerudzi rwevhiri, sarudzo dzekugara, uye kugadziriswa. Furemu yakareruka, inopetwa inoita kuti kutakurwa nekuchengetwa zvive nyore, nepo zvinhu zvinogara kwenguva refu zvakaita sealuminium kana titanium zvichiita kuti chigare kwenguva refu. Mavhiri makuru anopa kugona kufamba zviri nani uye kushanda zvakanaka panze, nepo sarudzo dzezvigaro zvinogadzirisika dzichipa kunyaradzwa kwakasarudzika.
Kune rumwe rutivi, mabhenefiti echigaro chevhiri chinofambiswa nemaoko anokanganisa zvakananga hupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwemushandisi uye hutano hwese. Kufamba kwakawedzerwa uye kuzvimiririra ndezvimwe zvezvakanakira zvikuru, zvichibvumira vanhu kufamba-famba munzvimbo dzavanogara vakasununguka. Zvigaro zvevhiri zvinofambiswa nemaoko zvinosimudzirawo kurovedza muviri uye simba remuviri wepamusoro nekuti kuzvifambisa imhando yekurovedza muviri. Pamusoro pezvo, dhizaini diki yemavhiri anofambiswa nemaoko inobvumira vashandisi kupinda munzvimbo dzakamanikana uye kufamba-famba munzvimbo dzakamanikana zviri nyore.
Zvikurukuru, magadzirirwo uye mabhenefiti ezvigaro zvemavhiri zvemaoko anobatsira kuvandudza hupenyu hwemushandisi. Semuenzaniso, dhizaini yacho yakareruka uye inopetwa inoita kuti kufamba kusave nekunetseka, zvichibvumira vashandisi kuchengetedza mararamiro ehupenyu vasina kudziviswa nezvinhu zvinobatsira pakufamba. Kugara kwenguva refu kwefuremu nemavhiri kunoita kuti zvishande kwenguva refu, zvichideredza kudiwa kwekugadziriswa kana kutsiva nguva nenguva. Pamusoro pezvo, sarudzo dzezvigaro zvinogadziriswa uye zvinhu zvinogadziriswa zvinopa rubatsiro kune munhu mumwe nemumwe, zvichikurudzira kugara zvakanaka uye kuderedza njodzi yemaronda ekumanikidzwa.
2.Vashandisi vakakodzera uye mamiriro ezvinhu
Mawiricheya emaoko anobatsira zvikuru vanhu vane hurema hwekufamba. Akakodzera vashandisi vakasiyana-siyana uye mamiriro ezvinhu, zvichipa kuzvimiririra uye rusununguko rwekufamba. Kunzwisisa vashandisi vakakodzera uye mamiriro ezvinhu ewiricheya dzemaoko kwakakosha pakuona kuti vanhu vawana mhinduro yakakodzera yekufamba zvinoenderana nezvavanoda.
Vanhu vakakodzera kushandisa mawiricheya emaoko vanosanganisira vanhu vane matambudziko ekufamba kwenguva pfupi kana kuti kwenguva refu, vakaita sevanhu vane kukuvara kwemusana, kuchekwa nhengo, muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy kana zvimwe zvirwere zvinokanganisa kugona kufamba. Mawiricheya emaoko akakodzerawo kune vakwegura vanonetseka nekufamba kwenguva refu. Pamusoro pezvo, vanhu vari kupora kubva mukukuvara kana kuvhiyiwa vanogona kubatsirwa nekushandisa mawiricheya emaoko panguva yekupora.
Panyaya dzemamiriro ezvinhu, mawiricheya emaoko anoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana uye anogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana. Akakodzera kushandiswa mukati memba, zvichibvumira vashandisi kufamba-famba mudzimba, munzvimbo dzebasa nedzimwe nzvimbo dziri mukati memba. Mawiricheya emaoko akakodzerawo kushandiswa panze, zvichibvumira vanhu kufamba-famba mumapaki, munzira dzevanofamba netsoka, nedzimwe nzvimbo dziri kunze. Anonyanya kubatsira mumamiriro ezvinhu apo nzvimbo yacho haina kuenzana kana kuti isingasvikwe nemunhu anofamba netsoka.
Pamusoro pezvo, mawiricheya emaoko akakodzera kune avo vane mararamiro anoshanda vanogona kuda nzira inotakurika uye yakareruka yekufamba. Anogona kutakurwa zviri nyore nemota uye akanakira avo vanoda kuramba vakazvimiririra uye kutora chikamu muzviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvekunze.
Pakusarudza chigaro chevatakuri chine mawoko, zvakakosha kufunga nezvezvinodiwa nemushandisi wacho. Zvinhu zvakaita sesimba remushandisi, kuchinjika kwake uye mararamiro ake zvinofanirwa kufungwa nezvazvo kuti chigaro chevatakuri chikwane zvaanoda.
- Wiricheya yemagetsi
Mawiricheya emagetsi akachinja kufamba kwevanhu vakaremara, zvichipa zvakanakira zvakawanda uye zvisingakwanisike. Kunzwisisa zvinhu izvi kwakakosha kune chero munhu ari kufunga nezvekushandisa wiricheya ine simba.
Mabhenefiti ezvigaro zvemagetsi:
- Kuvandudza kufamba-famba: Mawiricheya emagetsi anopa vanhu rusununguko rwekufamba-famba vari vega mumba nekunze vasingavimbi nerubatsiro rwevamwe.
- Deredza kumanikidzwa kwemuviri: Kusiyana nemawiricheya emaoko, mawiricheya emagetsi anofambiswa nemota, izvo zvinoderedza simba remuviri rinodiwa kuti munhu asundire wiricheya, kunyanya kune vanhu vane simba shoma remuviri wepamusoro.
- Kugadzirisa: Mawiricheya mazhinji ane simba anopa zvinhu zvinogona kugadziriswa zvakaita sezvigaro zvinogadziriswa, kugona kutsveyama munzvimbo, uye kudzora kwakakosha, zvichibvumira vashandisi kugadzirisa chigaro kuti chienderane nezvavanoda.
- Kufamba daro refu: Mawiricheya emagetsi akagadzirirwa kufamba daro refu uye akakodzera vanhu vanowanzo famba daro refu.
Zvipingamupinyi zvemawiricheya emagetsi:
- Mutengo: Mawiricheya emagetsi anogona kudhura zvakanyanya kupfuura mawiricheya emaoko, zvichiita kuti aome kushandisa kune vanhu vasina mari yakawanda.
- Kugadzirisa uye Kugadzirisa: Mawiricheya emagetsi anoda kugadziriswa nguva nenguva uye anowanzova nematambudziko ehunyanzvi anogona kukonzera kudhura kwekugadzirisa uye kutadza kushanda.
- Kurema nehukuru: Mamwe mawiricheya ane simba akakura uye anorema kupfuura mawiricheya emaoko, zvichiita kuti asanyanya kuchinjika munzvimbo diki uye ave akaoma kutakura.
- Hupenyu hwebhatiri: Kuvimba nesimba rebhatiri kwezvigaro zvemagetsi zvemawiricheya zvinoreva kuti zvinofanirwa kuchajwa nguva nenguva, uye vashandisi vanogona kusangana nekufamba kushoma kana bhatiri rikafa zvisingatarisirwi.
Zvimwe. Zvinhu zvekufunga nezvazvo pakusarudza wiricheya
- Nyaradzo nerutsigiro
- Kufamba uye Kugona Kufamba
- Kutakurwa uye Kuchengetedzwa
- Kugara kwenguva refu uye Kugadzirisa
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-09-2024