Mawiricheya zvishandiso zvakakosha mukurapa vanhu vanotambura nekufamba kana kufamba vega. Anopa rubatsiro runoshanda kuvanhu vari kupora kubva mukukuvara, vanorarama nezvirwere zvinokanganisa makumbo avo, kana avo vanojaira kufamba zvishoma. Nekudzorera rusununguko rwekufamba, mawiricheya anobatsira vashandisi kuwana rusununguko muhupenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva - kungave kufamba-famba mudzimba dzavo, kutora chikamu muzviitiko zvemunharaunda, kana kuramba vachienderera mberi nerwendo rwavo rwekupora neruremekedzo.
Kutanga, ngatitaurei nezvekukuvadza kunokonzerwa newiricheya isina kukodzera kumushandisi
- Kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kwenzvimbo
- Iva nechimiro chisina kunaka
- Zvinokonzera scoliosis
- Zvinokonzera kubatanidzwa kwemajoini
(Ndeapi mawiricheya asina kukodzera: chigaro chakanyanya kudzika, hachina kukwirira zvakakwana, chigaro chakafara zvakanyanya, hachina kukwirira zvakakwana)
Paunenge uchishandisa wheelchair, nzvimbo dzinowanzo sangana nematambudziko ndedzinozorora muviri wako uchitsigira chigaro nebackrest - sepasi pemapfupa echigaro chako, kumashure kwemabvi, uye kumusana wepamusoro. Ndosaka kukodzera kwakakodzera kuchikosha: wheelchair inoenderana nechimiro chemuviri wako inobatsira kugovera huremu zvakaenzana, kudzivirira kutsamwa kweganda kana maronda anokonzerwa nekukwesha kana kumanikidzwa nguva dzose. Funga nezvazvo sekugara pachigaro chakaoma kwemaawa - kana pamusoro pacho pasina kutsigira makombama ako echisikigo, zvinozokonzera marwadzo kana kunyange mavanga asina kunaka nekufamba kwenguva. Gara uchitarisa nzvimbo idzi dzakakosha pakusarudza wheelchair kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti inogumbatira muviri wako zvakanaka.
Ungasarudza sei wiricheya?
- Upamhi hwechigaro
Yera daro riri pakati pemagaro kana zvidya paunenge wakagara pasi, wobva wawedzera 5cm, pane mukaha we2.5cm kudivi rega rega mushure mekugara pasi. Kana chigaro chakamanikana, zvinonetsa kupinda nekubuda muwiricheya, uye magaro nezvidya zvakamanikidzwa; kana chigaro chakafara zvakanyanya, hazvisi nyore kugara pasi zvakatsiga, hazvikoshi kushandisa wiricheya, makumbo ekumusoro anoneta nyore nyore, uye zvinonetsawo kupinda nekubuda pamusuwo.
- Kureba kwechigaro
Yera daro rakatambanuka kubva pamagaro kusvika ku calf gastrocnemius paunenge wakagara, wobvisa 6.5cm kubva pane zvakayerwa. Kana chigaro chiri chipfupi, huremu hwemuviri hunonyanya kuwira pa ischium, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya panzvimbo yacho. Kana chigaro chiri chirefu, chichadzvanya nzvimbo ye poplitral, zvichikanganisa kutenderera kweropa munzvimbo iyoyo uye zvinokanganisa ganda munzvimbo iyoyo. Kune varwere vane zvidya zvipfupi kana mabvi akafara, zviri nani kushandisa chigaro chipfupi.
- Kureba kwechigaro
Paunenge uchigadzirisa zvigaro zvewiricheya, tanga nekuyera kubva pachitsitsinho chako (kana chitsitsinho cheshangu) kusvika pachitsiko chepasi pechiuno chako paunenge wakagara, wobva wawedzera 4cm pachiyero ichi sehurefu hwepasi. Iva nechokwadi chekuti ndiro yekutsamira tsoka inogara iri pamusoro pe5cm. Kuwana kukwirira kwechigaro kwakakodzera ndicho chinhu chakakosha - kana chakakwirira zvakanyanya, wiricheya haizokwane pasi pematafura zvakanaka, uye kana chakaderera zvakanyanya, chiuno chako chichatakura huremu hwakawanda, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kusagadzikana nekufamba kwenguva.
- Chigaro chechigaro
Kuti chigaro chinyarare uye chidzivirire maronda ekumanikidzwa, chinofanira kunge chakaputirwa. Rabha yefuro (5-10cm ukobvu) kana mapedhi egel zvinogona kushandiswa. Kuti chigaro chisanyure, plywood ine ukobvu hwe 0.6cm inogona kuiswa pasi pechitsigiro chechigaro.
- Kureba kwemusana
Kana musana wakakwira, ndipo paunogara wakadzikama, ndipo paunogara wakadzika, muviri wepamusoro nemakumbo ekumusoro zvinofamba zvakanyanya. Chinonzi low backrest ndechekuyera daro kubva pachigaro kuenda kuhapwa (ruoko rumwe kana ose akatambanudzwa mberi), wobvisa 10cm kubva pachigaro ichi. Nzvimbo yepamusoro yekurara: kuyera kukwirira chaiko kubva pachigaro kusvika pafudzi kana kumashure kwemusoro.
- Kureba kwechigaro cheruoko
Paunenge wakagara, chengeta maoko ako ekumusoro akamira uye maoko ako akatsetseka pazvitsigiro zvemaoko. Yera kukwirira kubva pachigaro kusvika kumucheto wepasi wemaoko ako wowedzera 2.5cm. Kureba kwakakodzera kwezvitsigiro zvemaoko kunobatsira kuchengetedza chimiro chakakodzera chemuviri uye kuenzana, uye kunoita kuti makumbo ekumusoro agare munzvimbo yakasununguka. Kana zvitsigiro zvemaoko zvakakwirira zvakanyanya, maoko epamusoro anomanikidzwa kusimuka, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuneta zviri nyore. Kana zvitsigiro zvemaoko zvakaderera zvakanyanya, muviri wepamusoro unofanirwa kukotama kuti urambe wakadzikama, izvo zvinogona kwete kungokonzera kuneta chete, asiwo kukanganisa kufema.
- Zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshongedza mawiricheya
Yakagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa nevarwere, zvakaita sekuwedzera kukweshana kwemubato, kuwedzera bhureki, mudziyo unodzivirira kudedera, mudziyo unodzivirira kutsvedza, ruoko rwakaiswa pachigaro cheruoko, uye tafura yevhiri kuti varwere vadye nekunyora nezvimwewo.
Zvinhu zvekucherechedza kana uchishandisa wheelchair
Kusunda wiricheya panzvimbo yakati sandara: Munhu akwegura anofanira kugara pasi akabata mapedal. Muchengeti anofanira kumira kuseri kwewiricheya oisunda zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvishoma nezvishoma.
Kusunda wiricheya pakukwira gomo: Paunenge uchikwira gomo, muviri unofanira kukotamiswa kuti usagumbuke.
Kudzikisa wiricheya pasi: Kudzikisa wiricheya pasi, dzokera shure, wosiya wiricheya pasi zvishoma. Tambanudza musoro nemapendekete wobva warerekera kumashure, wokumbira vakwegura kuti vabate zvanza zvakasimba.
Kukwira masitepisi: Ndapota kumbirai vakwegura kuti vatsigire kumashure kwechigaro uye vabate machira ekubata nemaoko ese, uye musazvidya mwoyo.
Dzvanya chitsiko chetsoka kuti usimudze vhiri repamberi (shandisa mavhiri maviri ekumashure sezvikamu zvekufambisa vhiri repamberi zvakanaka pamatanho) woriisa zvinyoronyoro pamatanho. Simudza vhiri rekumashure mushure mekunge vhiri rekumashure rava pedyo nematanho. Paunosimudza vhiri rekumashure, swedera pedyo newiricheya kuti udzikise pakati pegiravhiti.
Sundidzira wiricheya kumashure paunenge uchidzika masitepisi: Tendeudza wiricheya kumashure paunenge uchidzika masitepisi, uye rega wiricheya iburuke zvishoma nezvishoma. Tambanudza musoro nemapendekete wobva warerekera kumashure, uye kumbira vakwegura kuti vabate zvanza zvakasimba. Chengeta muviri wako uri pedyo newiricheya kuti uderedze nzvimbo yako yekukwevera pasi.
Kusunda wiricheya mukati nekubuda muelevator: Vakwegura nemuchengeti vanofanira kutarisa kure nekwavanoenda, muchengeti ari pamberi uye wiricheya iri kumashure. Mushure mekupinda muelevator, mabhureki anofanira kusimbiswa nenguva. Pavanopfuura munzvimbo dzisina kuenzana mukati nekubuda muelevator, vakwegura vanofanira kuziviswa pachine nguva. Pinda nekubuda zvishoma nezvishoma.
Kutamisirwa pachigaro chevane mavhiri
Kutora kutamiswa kwevarwere vane hemiplegia semuenzaniso
Zvakakodzera chero murwere ane hemiplegia uye anogona kuramba akamira zvakanaka panguva yekuchinjirwa kwechigaro.
- Kutamisirwa pawiricheya pamubhedha
Mubhedha unofanira kunge uri pedyo nekukwirira kwechigaro chevhiri, neruoko rupfupi pamusoro pemubhedha. Chigaro chevhiri chinofanira kunge chine mabhureki uye chitsigiro chetsoka chinobviswa. Chigaro chevhiri chinofanira kuiswa padivi petsoka yemurwere. Chigaro chevhiri chinofanira kunge chiri 20-30 (30-45) degrees kubva patsoka yemubhedha.
Murwere anogara padivi pemubhedha, ovhara mabhureki ewiricheya, okotama mberi, uye anoshandisa gumbo rine hutano kubatsira kufamba kuenda padivi. Kota gumbo rine hutano kusvika pamadhigirii anopfuura 90, uye fambisa gumbo rine hutano zvishoma kumashure kwegumbo rine hutano kuti zviite kuti kufamba kwakasununguka kutsoka dzese. Bata ruoko rwemubhedha, fambisa dumbu remurwere mberi, shandisa ruoko rwake rune hutano kusundira mberi, fambisa huremu hwakawanda hwemuviri kumakumbo ane hutano, uye kusvika panzvimbo yakamira. Murwere anofambisa maoko ake pakati peruoko rwekure rwewiricheya uye ofambisa tsoka dzake kuti agadzirire kugara pasi. Mushure mekunge murwere agara pawiricheya, gadzirisa pisition yake uye bvisa bhureki. Tambanudza wiricheya kumashure uye kure nemubhedha. Pakupedzisira, murwere anodzosera pedal yetsoka panzvimbo yayo yekutanga, anosimudza gumbo rine hutano neruoko rune hutano, uye anoisa tsoka papedal yetsoka.
- Kutamisirwa kubva pachigaro chevhiri kuenda pamubhedha
Isa wheelchair kumusoro kwemubhedha, divi rakasimba rakavharwa uye bhureki rakavharwa. Simudza gumbo rakabatwa neruoko rwakasimba, fambisa pedal yetsoka parutivi, isa trunk mberi woisundira pasi, wofambisa chiso kumberi kwewheelchair kusvika tsoka dzese dzarembera pasi, netsoka yakasimba iri kumashure kwetsoka yakabatwa zvishoma. Bata wheelchair armrest, fambisa muviri wako mberi, uye shandisa divi rako rakasimba kutsigira huremu hwako kumusoro nekudzika kuti umire. Mushure mekumira, fambisa maoko ako kumubhedha, tendeudza muviri wako zvishoma nezvishoma kuti uzvigadzirire kugara pamubhedha, wobva wagara pamubhedha.
- Kutamisa wiricheya kuenda kuchimbuzi
Isa wiricheya pakona, divi rayo rakasimba riri pedyo nechimbuzi, isa bhureki, simudza tsoka kubva pachitsiko chetsoka, wobva waendesa chitsiko chetsoka parutivi. Dzvinya chitsiko chewiricheya neruoko rwakasimba woisa trunk mberi. Famba mberi uri muwiricheya. Simuka kubva pawiricheya uchitevera gumbo risina kukanganiswa kuti utsigire huremu hwako hwakawanda. Mushure mekumira, tendeudza tsoka dzako. Mira pamberi pechimbuzi. Murwere anobvisa bhurugwa rake ogara pachimbuzi. Maitiro ari pamusoro apa anogona kudzoserwa shure kana uchichinja kubva kuchimbuzi kuenda kuwiricheya.
Pamusoro pezvo, kune mhando dzakawanda dzezvigaro zvemavhiri zviripo pamusika. Zvichienderana nechinhu chacho, zvinogona kukamurwa kuita aruminiyamu alloy, zvinhu zvakareruka uye simbi. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwazvo, zvinogona kukamurwa kuita zvigaro zvemavhiri zvakajairika uye zvigaro zvemavhiri zvakakosha. Zvigaro zvemavhiri zvakakosha zvinogona kukamurwa kuita: mitambo yekuzorora ine mavhiri, electronic wheelchai series, toilet wheelchai series, standing assistance wheelchai series, nezvimwewo.
- Wheelchair yakajairika
Inonyanya kugadzirwa nefuremu yemavhiri, mavhiri, mabhureki nezvimwe zvishandiso.
Mashandisirwo azvo: vanhu vane hurema hwemakumbo nemakumbo, hemiplegia, paraplegia iri pasi pechipfuva uye vakwegura vane mafambiro mashoma.
Zvimiro:
- Varwere vanogona kushandisa marongero emaoko akasimba kana anobviswa vega
- Zvitsigiro zvetsoka zvakagadzika kana zvinobviswa
- Inogona kupetwa kana yaitwa kana kuti isiri kushandiswa
- Wheelchair yakarara kumashure ine makumbo akareba
Mashandisirwo azvo: vanhu vane mitezo yakaremara uye vakwegura uye vasina simba
Zvimiro:
- Chikamu chekumashure chewiricheya yakarara chakareba kusvika musoro wemutakurwi, chine nzvimbo dzekutsamira maoko dzinobviswa uye nzvimbo dzekutsamira tsoka dzinochinjika. Mapedali anogona kusimudzwa nekuderedzwa, kutenderedzwa nemadhigirii makumi mapfumbamwe, uye bracket repamusoro rinogona kugadziriswa kuti rienderane nenzvimbo yakatwasuka.
- Chigadziko chekumashure chinogona kugadziriswa muzvikamu kana kugadziriswa kune chero nhanho (yakaenzana nemubhedha) kuitira kuti mushandisi agone kuzorora ari pawiricheya. Chigadziko chemusoro chinogonawo kubviswa.
- Wiricheya yemagetsi
Mashandisirwo azvo: Kune vanhu vane dambudziko guru rekurema kana hemiplegia vanokwanisa kudzora neruoko rumwe chete.
Mawiricheya emagetsi anoshandiswa nemabhatiri, ane daro remakiromita angangoita makumi maviri pakuchaja kamwe chete, ane madhiraivha anodzorwa neruoko rumwe chete, anogona kufamba mberi, kudzokera shure, kutendeuka, uye anogona kushandiswa mukati kana panze. Anodhura zvakanyanya.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-08-2025