Midziyo yekubatsira, sechikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwezuva nezuva hweshamwari dzakaremara, inounza nyore uye rubatsiro rukuru muhupenyu.
Zvinhu zvekutanga zvevane wiricheya
Pfungwa yechigaro chevane mavhiri
Chigaro chemavhiri chigaro chine mavhiri chinogona kubatsira kana kutsiva kufamba. Inzira yakakosha yekufambisa vanhu vakakuvara, vanorwara, uye vakaremara kuti vakwanise kupora vari kumba, kutakurwa, kuona chiremba, uye kubuda vachiita mabasa.
Basa rewiricheya
Zvigaro zvevane mavhiri hazvingogumiri pakubatsira vanhu vakaremara pamwe chete nevaya vane matambudziko ekufamba, asi chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuti nhengo dzemhuri dzifambe uye dzitarisire varwere, zvichibvumira varwere kurovedza muviri uye kutora chikamu muzviitiko zvekushamwaridzana vachibatsirwa nezvigaro zvevane mavhiri.
Saizi yechigaro chevhiri
Chigaro chemavhiri chinoumbwa nemavhiri makuru, mavhiri madiki, mavhiri emaoko, matai, mabhureki, zvigaro nezvimwe zvikamu zvikuru nezvidiki. Nekuti vanoshandisa mavhiri vanoda mabasa akasiyana, saizi dzemavhiri akasiyanawo. Zvichienderana nechimiro chemuviri chevakuru nevana, akakamurwawo muzvikamu zvemavhiri evana nemavhiri evakuru. Asi chaizvoizvo, upamhi hwese hwechigaro chemavhiri chenguva dzose i65cm, hurefu hwese i104cm, uye kukwirira kwechigaro i51cm.
Kusarudza wiricheya chinhu chinonetsa zvikuru, asi kuti zvive nyore uye zvakachengeteka kushandisa, zvakakosha kusarudza wiricheya yakakodzera. Paunenge uchitenga wiricheya, nyatsoteerera kuyerwa kwehupamhi hwechigaro. Upamhi hwakanakisa idaro riri pakati pemagaro maviri kana zvidya kana mushandisi akagara pasi pamwe ne5cm, kureva kuti, pane mukaha we2.5cm kudivi rega rega mushure mekugara pasi.
Maumbirwo ewiricheya
Chigaro chemavhiri chakajairika chine zvikamu zvina: furemu yevhiri, mavhiri, mudziyo webhureki nechigaro. Mabasa ezvikamu zvikuru zvevhiri anotsanangurwa muchidimbu pazasi.
1. Mavhiri ekumashure: anotakura huremu hwakawanda. Upamhi hwevhiri i51,56,61,66cm. Kunze kwenzvimbo shoma dzinoshandiswa dzinoda matai akasimba, matai anofambiswa nemhepo ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa.
2. Mavhiri madiki: Dhayamita yacho ndeye 12, 15, 18 uye 20cm. Mavhiri makuru ari nyore kuyambuka zvipingamupinyi zvidiki uye makapeti akakosha. Zvisinei, kana dhayamita yacho yakakura zvakanyanya, nzvimbo inogarwa newiricheya yese inowedzera, zvichiita kuti kufamba kusashande zvakanaka. Kazhinji, mavhiri madiki ari pamberi pemavhiri makuru, asi mumawiricheya anoshandiswa nevanhu vane mitezo yemakumbo epasi, mavhiri madiki anowanzo famba kumashure kwemavhiri makuru. Panguva yekushanda, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti divi revhiri diki rinofanira kunge rakatarisa vhiri guru, zvikasadaro zviri nyore kudonha.
3. Rimu remavhiri eruoko: rakasiyana neremavhiri emuchadenga, dhayamita yacho idiki ne5cm pane rimu remavhiri makuru ehuru. Kana hemiplegis ichifambiswa neruoko rumwe, rumwe rune dhayamita diki runowedzerwa kuti rusarudzwe. Rin'i yevhiri reruoko inowanzo sundirwa zvakananga nemurwere.
4. Matayi: Kune mhando nhatu: chubhu yakasimba, yemhepo uye yemhepo isina machubhu. Mhando yakasimba inofamba nekukurumidza pasi rakati sandara uye haikurumidzi kuputika, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kusunda, asi inodedera zvakanyanya mumigwagwa isina kuenzana uye inonetsa kudhonzwa kana yakanamirwa mumugero wakafara setayi; Avo vane machubhu emukati azere nemhepo vanonetsa kusunda uye zviri nyore kubhoboza, asi kubvunda kwacho hakuna kunaka pane kwakasimba; Mhando dzinofefeterwa nemhepo dzisina machubhu dzinonzwa kugadzikana kugara padziri nekuti hadzina chubhu yemukati uye hadziboborwe, uye dzakafuridzirwawo mukati, asi dzakaoma kusunda kupfuura dzakasimba.
5. Brake: Mavhiri makuru anofanira kunge aine mabhureki pavhiri rega rega. Ehe, kana mutyairi achigona kushandisa ruoko rumwe chete, anofanira kushandisa bhureki reruoko rumwe chete, asi tsvimbo yekuwedzera inogona kuiswa kuti ishandise mabhureki kumativi ese.
Kune mhando mbiri dzemabhureki
Mabhureki ane notched
Brake iri rakachengeteka uye rakavimbika, asi rinoda kushanda nesimba. Mushure mekugadziriswa, mota inogonawo kubhureka padanho repamusoro. Kana ikagadziriswa kusvika padanho rekutanga uye isingakwanise kubhureka padanho rakati sandara, inoonekwa seisina basa.
Chinja mabhureki
Uchishandisa musimboti we lever, mabhureki anoiswa kuburikidza nemajoini akati wandei. Zvakanakira zvemuchina ndezvekuti bhureki remhando ye notch rakasimba, asi rinokundikana nekukurumidza. Kuti murwere awedzere simba rebhureki, tsvimbo yekuwedzera inowanzowedzerwa kubhureki, asi tsvimbo iyi inokuvara nyore nyore uye inokanganisa kuchengetedzeka kana ikasaongororwa nguva dzose.
6. Chigaro: Kureba kwaro, kudzika kwaro uye upamhi hwaro zvinoenderana nechimiro chemuviri wemurwere, uye magadzirirwo aro zvinoenderanawo nerudzi rwechirwere. Kazhinji, kudzika kwaro i41,43cm, upamhi i40,46cm, uye kukwirira kwaro i45,50cm.
7. Kuchengetera chigaro: Kuti pasave nemaronda ekumanikidzwa, machira echigaro chinhu chakakosha, uye kutarisisa kukuru kunofanira kupihwa pakusarudzwa kwemachira.
8. Kurara kwetsoka nemakumbo: Kurara kwemakumbo kunogona kuva rudzi rwekuyambuka kana rudzi rwekupatsanura. Mhando dzese dzekutsigira dzakagadzirirwa kutenderedza kudivi rimwe. Unofanira kutarisisa kureba kwechigaro chetsoka. Kana chitsiko chetsoka chakakwirira zvakanyanya, kona yekutenderera kwechiuno ichave yakakura zvakanyanya, uye huremu hwakawanda huchawedzerwa ku ischial tuberosity, izvo zvinogona kukonzera maronda ekumanikidzwa munzvimbo iyi.
9. Kutsigira musana: Zvigaro zvekumashure zvinogona kunge zvakakwira kana zvakaderera uye zvinogona kunge zvakatsveyama kana kuti zvisina kutsveyama. Kana murwere aine kuenzana kwakanaka uye kudzora chiuno, wiricheya ine musana wakaderera inogona kushandiswa kubvumira murwere kufamba zvakanyanya. Zvikasadaro, wiricheya ine musana wakareba inofanira kushandiswa.
10. Zvigadziko zvemaoko: Kazhinji, zvinoreba ne22.5-25cm kupfuura nzvimbo yekugara. Zvimwe zvigadziko zvemaoko zvinogona kugadziriswa pakukwirira. Unogonawo kuisa chikafu panzvimbo yekuzvigadzika kuti uverenge uye udye.
Mashandisirwo uye hunhu hwezvigaro zvevane mawiricheya
Kune mhando dzakawanda dzemawiricheya ari pamusika. Zvichienderana nezvinhu, anogona kukamurwa kuita aruminiyamu alloy, zvinhu zvakareruka uye simbi. Kana zvichienderana nerudzi rwacho, anogona kukamurwa kuita mawiricheya akajairwa uye mawiricheya akakosha. Mawiricheya akakosha anogona kukamurwa kuita: mawiricheya emitambo yekutandarira, mawiricheya emagetsi, system yewiricheya yechigaro, mawiricheya ekutsigira vakamira, nezvimwewo.
Wheelchair yakajairika: inonyanya kugadzirwa nefuremu yevhiri remavhiri, mavhiri, mabhureki nezvimwe zvishandiso.
Mashandisirwo ekushandisa: vanhu vane hurema hwemakumbo nemakumbo, hemiplegia, paraplegia iri pasi pechipfuva uye vakwegura vane mafambiro asina kukwana.
Zvinhu zvirimo: varwere vanogona kushandisa nzvimbo dzekutsamira maoko dzakagadzika kana dzinobviswa, nzvimbo dzekutsamira tsoka dzakagadzika kana dzinobviswa vega, uye mudziyo unogona kupetwa nekuchengetwa kana uchiendeswa kunze kana usingashandiswe.
Zvichienderana nemuenzaniso uye mutengo, inogona kukamurwa kuita: chigaro chakaoma, chigaro chakapfava, vhiri rinoputika kana vhiri rakasimba.
Wheelchair yakakosha: Ine mabasa akakwana. Haisi nzira yekufambisa chete kune vakaremara nevanhu vane matambudziko ekufamba, asiwo ine mamwe mabasa.
Sarudzo yechigaro chevatasvi
Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemawiricheya. Anonyanya kushandiswa ndeaya: mawiricheya akajairika, mawiricheya akasarudzika, mawiricheya emagetsi, mawiricheya ebasa rakakosha (emitambo), uye mascooter ekufamba.
Wiricheya yakajairika: Chigaro chevhiri chakajairika chakaita sechigaro, chine mavhiri mana. Vhiri rekumashure rakakura, rine vhiri reruoko, mabhureki anowedzerwawo kuvhiri rekumashure, uye vhiri repamberi diki, iro rinoshandiswa pakudhiraivha. Vhiri rinodzivirira makumbo rinowedzerwa kumashure kwevhiri revhiri.
Kazhinji, wiricheya yakareruka uye inogona kupetwa.
Yakakodzera vanhu vane zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana kana matambudziko ekufamba kwenguva pfupi, uye haina kukodzera kugara kwenguva refu.
Wheelchair yakakosha: Zvichienderana nemamiriro emurwere, kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa, zvakaita sekuwedzera mutoro, machira ekuchengetedza chigaro kana nzvimbo dzekurara, masisitimu ekutsigira mutsipa, makumbo anogadzirisika, matafura ekudyira anobviswa, nezvimwewo.
Wiricheya yemagetsi: Chigaro chemavhiri chine mota yemagetsi.
Zvichienderana nenzira yekudzora, vamwe vanoshandisa joystick, nepo vamwe vachishandisa maswitch akasiyana-siyana akadai semusoro kana sisitimu yekufema.
Kune avo vane kuoma mitezo kwakanyanya kana vanoda kufamba daro refu, kushandisa wiricheya yemagetsi isarudzo yakanaka chero bedzi kugona kwavo kuziva zvakanaka, asi zvinoda nzvimbo yakakura yekufamba.
Chigaro chemavhiri chebasa rakakosha (mitambo): Chigaro chevhiri chakagadzirwa zvakananga chinoshandiswa pamitambo yekuzvivaraidza kana makwikwi.
Mitambo inowanzoitwa mijaho kana basketball, uye kutamba kwakajairikawo.
Kazhinji, kureruka uye kugara kwenguva refu ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosha, uye zvinhu zvakawanda zvemhando yepamusoro zvinoshandiswa.
Mota yekufambisa: Rudzi rwakakura rwemawiricheya, anoshandiswa nevanhu vakwegura vakawanda. Kazhinji akakamurwa kuva mota dzine mavhiri matatu nedzine mavhiri mana, dzinotyairwa nemota yemagetsi, dzine muganho wekumhanya we15km/awa, uye dzinoongororwa zvichienderana nekukwanisa kwemutoro.
Kugadzirisa chigaro chevane mavhiri
- Usati washandisa wheelchair uye mukati memwedzi mumwe chete, tarisa kana mabhaudhi akasununguka. Kana akasununguka, asimbise nenguva. Munguva yekushandiswa kwakajairika, ongorora mwedzi mitatu yega yega kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu zvese zviri mumamiriro akanaka. Tarisa nzungu dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasimba dziri pawheelchair (kunyanya nzungu dzinogadzirisa dze axle yevhiri rekumashure). Kana paine kuregedzeka kwakawanikwa, gadzirisa wodzisimbisa nenguva.
- Kana wiricheya ikasangana nemvura panguva yekushandiswa, inofanira kupukutwa nechando nenguva. Wiricheya inoshandiswa nguva dzose inofanirawo kupukutwa nguva nenguva nejira rakaoma rakapfava uye yakafukidzwa newakisi inodzivirira ngura kuti wiricheya irambe ichipenya uye yakanaka kwenguva yakareba.
- Tarisa kufamba uye kuchinjika kwechinhu chinotenderera nguva nenguva woisa mafuta. Kana axle yevhiri remainji makumi maviri nemana ichifanira kubviswa nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero, iva nechokwadi chekuti nati yacho yakasimbiswa uye haizosununguki paunenge uchiisazve.
- Mabhaudhi ekubatanidza efuremu yechigaro chevhiri haana kubatana uye haafanirwe kusimbiswa.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-19-2025