Zvishandiso zvekubatsira, sechikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwezuva nezuva hweshamwari dzakaremara, zvinounza zvakawanda zviri nyore uye kubatsira kuhupenyu.
Wheelchair basics
Wheelchair concept
Wheelcheya chigaro chine mavhiri anogona kubatsira nekutsiva kufamba. Inzira yakakosha yekufambisa kune vakakuvara, vanorwara, uye vakaremara kuti vadzoke kumba, kutakurwa kwese, kunoona chiremba, uye kubuda kumabasa.
Basa rewiricheya
Zvigaro zvemavhiri hazvisi kungosangana nezvinodiwa zvekufambisa zvevakaremara mumuviri uye avo vane zvishoma kufamba, asi zvinonyanya kukosha, vanoita kuti zvive nyore kuti nhengo dzemhuri dzifambe uye dzitarisire varwere, zvichibvumira varwere kuti vashandise uye vabatanidze mumabasa emagariro evanhu nerubatsiro rwemawiricheya.
Saizi yewiricheya
Wheelchair inoumbwa nemavhiri makuru, madiki, mavhiri emaoko, matayi, mabhureki, zvigaro nezvimwe zvihombe nezvidiki. Nekuti vanoshandisa mawiricheya vanoda mabasa akasiyana, saizi dzemawiricheya zvakare akasiyana. Maererano nemhando dzakasiyana dzemuviri dzevakuru nevana, dzakakamurwawo kuva mawiricheya evana nemawiricheya evakuru. Asi chaizvo, hupamhi hwese hwechaja wiricheya i65cm, hurefu hwakazara 104cm, uye hurefu hwechigaro i51cm.
Kusarudza wiricheya zvakare chinhu chinonetsa, asi kuti zvive nyore uye kuchengeteka kwekushandisa, zvinodikanwa kusarudza yakakodzera wiricheya. Paunenge uchitenga wiricheya, teerera kuyerwa kwehupamhi hwechigaro. Iyo yakanakisa hupamhi ndiyo chinhambwe pakati pemagaro maviri kana zvidya kana mushandisi akagara pasi pamwe ne5cm, ndiko kuti, pane gap re 2.5cm kudivi rega rega mushure mekugara pasi.
Chimiro chewiricheya
Chiwiriri chemazuva ose chinoumbwa nezvikamu zvina: furemu yewiricheya, mavhiri, bhureki nechigaro. Mabasa ezvikamu zvikuru zvewiricheya anotsanangurwa muchidimbu pazasi.
1.Rear mavhiri: kutakura uremu hwakawanda. Iyo dhayamita yevhiri i51,56,61,66cm. Kunze kwenzvimbo shoma dzekushandisa dzinoda matai akasimba, matai epneumatic anonyanya kushandiswa.
2.Small mavhiri: The diameters are 12,15,18 uye 20cm. Mavhiri makuru dhayamita ari nyore kuyambuka zvipingamupinyi zviduku uye makapeti chaiwo. Nekudaro, kana iyo dhayamita yakakurisa, nzvimbo inogarwa newiricheya yese ichawedzera, zvichiita kuti kufamba kusaite. Kazhinji, mavhiri maduku ari pamberi pemavhiri makuru, asi muwiricheya inoshandiswa nevanhu vane paraplegia yemakumbo ezasi, mavhiri maduku anowanzovharidzirwa kuseri kwemavhiri makuru. Panguva yekushanda, ut inofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kutungamira kwevhiri diki kunofanira kunge kuri perpendicular kune guru vhiri, zvikasadaro zviri nyore kupfuudza pamusoro.
3.Hand vhiri rim: rakasiyana kune wiricheya, dhayamita ari gengerally 5cm iduku pane guru guru vhiri vhiri. Apo hemiplegis inotungamirirwa neruoko rumwe, imwe ine dhayamita diki inowedzerwa pakusarudza. Mhete yevhiri reruoko inowanzosundwa zvakananga nemurwere.
4.Matairi: Kune marudzi matatu: yakasimba, pneumatic tube uye tubeless pneumatic. Mhando yakasimba inofamba nekukurumidza panzvimbo yakati sandara uye haitani kuputika, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kusunda, asi inodedera zvakanyanya mumigwagwa isina kuenzana uye inonetsa kuburitsa kana yanamira mugoronga rakafara sevhiri; Avo vane machubhu emukati akazadzwa nemhepo vanonetsa kusunda uye zviri nyore kuboya, asi kutenheka kudiki pane kuya kwakasimba; Tubeless inflatable types dzakagadzikana kugara pairi nekuti hadzina chubhu yemukati uye haibohwe, uye dzakakwidibirwawo mukati, asi dzinonetsa kusunda pane dzakasimba.
5.Brake: Mavhiri makuru shuld ane mabhureki pavhiri rimwe nerimwe. Hongu, kana mutasvi achingoshandisa ruoko rumwe chete, anofanira kushandisa bhureki reruoko rumwe chete, asi tsvimbo yekuwedzera inogona kuiswa kuti ishandise mabhureki mativi ese.
Kune marudzi maviri emabhureki
Notched brakes
Iri bhureki rakachengeteka uye rakavimbika, asi rinoda kushanda nesimba. Mushure mekugadzirisa, mota inogona zvakare kubhureki pamateru. Kana ikagadziridzwa kusvika padanho 1 uye haikwanise kubhureka pavhu rakati sandara, inoonekwa seyakashata.
Toggle mabhureki
Kushandisa musimboti welever, mabhureki anoshandiswa kuburikidza nemajoini akati wandei. Kubatsira kwayo kwemagetsi ndeyekuti notch type brake yakasimba, asi inokundikana nekukurumidza. Kuti uwedzere simba remurwere, tsvimbo yekuwedzera inowanzowedzerwa kune bhureki, asi tsvimbo iyi inokanganisika nyore uye inokanganisa kuchengetedza kana ikasaongororwa nguva dzose.
6.Seat: Kureba kwayo, kudzika uye upamhi hunoenderana nechimiro chemuviri wemurwere, uye kugadzirwa kwayo kwezvinhu zvinoenderanawo nerudzi rwechirwere. Kazhinji, kudzika i41,43cm, hupamhi ndeye 40,46cm, uye kureba i45,50cm.
7.Seat cushion: Kuti udzivise maronda ekumanikidza, macushion echigaro chinhu chakakosha, uye kutarisisa kukuru kunofanirwa kubhadharwa pakusarudzwa kwemakusheni.
8.Foot uye gumbo rinozorora: Kuzorora kwegumbo kunogona kuva rudzi rwemuchinjikwa kana rudzi rwakaparadzana. Mhando mbiri dzezvitsigiso dzakagadzirirwa kusvetukira kune rimwe divi. Iwe unofanirwa kubhadhara kune kukwirira kweiyo footrest. Kana iyo footrest yakanyanya kukwirira, hip flexion angle ichave yakakura, uye humwe huremu huchawedzerwa kune ischial tuberosity, iyo inogona kukonzera nyore maronda ekudzvinyirira munzvimbo ino.
9.Backrest: Backrests inogona kuva yakakwirira kana yakaderera uye inogona kunyungudutswa kana kuti isina-tilted. Kana murwere ane hutano hwakanaka uye kutonga kwehunde, wiricheya yakaderera inogona kushandiswa kubvumira murwere kuti ave nekufamba kukuru. Kana zvisina kudaro, wiricheya yepamusoro-soro inofanira kushandiswa.
10.Armrests: Kazhinji, ndeye 22.5-25cm yakakwirira kudarika nzvimbo yechigaro. Mamwe ma armrest anogona kugadziridzwa muhurefu. Iwe unogona zvakare kuisa chikafu pane armrest yekuverenga nekudya.
Kuwanda kwekushandiswa uye maitiro emawiricheya
Kune mhando dzakawanda dzemawiricheya pamusika. Zvinoenderana nemidziyo, inogona kukamurwa kuita aluminium alloy, lightweight zvinhu uye simbi. Kana zvichienderana nerudzi, vanogona kukamurwa kuva mawiricheya akajairika uye akakosha wiricheya. Mawiricheya akakosha anogona kukamurwa kuita: nhandaro yemitambo wiricheya yakatevedzana, yemagetsi wiricheya yakatevedzana, chigaro-parutivi wiricheya sisitimu, yakamira rubatsiro wiricheya akatevedzana, nezvimwe.
Zvombo zvewiricheya: inonyanya kuumbwa newiricheya furemu, mavhiri, mabhureki nemimwe michina.
Chikamu chekushandisa: vanhu vane hurema hwemakumbo ezasi, hemiplegia, paraplegia pasi pechipfuva uye vanhu vakwegura vane zvishoma kufamba.
Features: Varwere vanogona kushandisa zvigaro zvemaoko zvakagadzika kana kuvharika, zvakamisikidzwa kana kubvisika tsoka dzega, uye chishandiso chinogona kupetwa nekuchengetwa kana chatakurwa kunze kana chisiri kushandiswa.
Zvinoenderana nemuenzaniso uye mutengo, inogona kukamurwa kuita: chigaro chakaoma, chigaro chakapfava, pneumatic tire kana yakasimba tire.
Special wiricheya: Iine mabasa akakwana. Haisi chete nzira yekufambisa yevakaremara uye vanhu vane zvishoma kufamba, asiwo ine mamwe mabasa.
Sarudzo yewiricheya
Kune mhando dzakawanda dzemawiricheya. Anonyanya kuzivikanwa mawiricheya, mawiricheya akakosha, mawiricheya emagetsi, mawiricheya akakosha (mitambo), uye ma scooters ekufamba.
General wheelchair: A general wheelchair inenge yakaita secheya, ine mavhiri mana. Vhiri rekumashure iguru, rine vhiri reruoko, mabhureki anowedzerwawo kuvhiri rekumashure, uye vhiri remberi idiki, rinoshandiswa pakudhiraivha. Anti-tipper vhiri inowedzerwa kumashure kwewiricheya.
Kazhinji, wiricheya haina huremu uye inogona kupetwa.
Inokodzera vanhu vane mamiriro akajairwa kana matambudziko ekufamba kwenguva pfupi, uye haina kukodzera kugara kwenguva refu.
Special wiricheya: Zvichienderana nemamiriro emurwere, kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa, zvakadai sekuwedzerwa simba rekutakura, chigaro chakakosha cushion kana backrests, tsigiro yemutsipa, makumbo anogadziriswa, matafura ekudyira anobviswa, nezvimwewo.
Magetsi wiricheya: wiricheya ine mota yemagetsi.
Zvichienderana nemaitiro ekudzora, vamwe vanoshandisa joystick, nepo vamwe vachishandisa masiwichi akasiyana semusoro kana kufema system.
Kune avo vane mitezo yakakomba kana kuti vanoda kufamba chinhambwe chakareba, kushandisa wiricheya yemagetsi isarudzo yakanaka chero bedzi mano avo okunzwisisa ari akanaka, asi zvinoda nzvimbo yakakura yokufamba.
Chinangwa chakakosha(mitambo)wiricheya: Chiwiriri chakagadzirwa chinoshandiswa kumitambo yekutandara kana makwikwi.
Zvakajairika mujaho kana basketball, uye kutamba zvakare kwakanyanya commin.
Kazhinji kutaura, kureruka uye kusimba ndiwo maitiro, uye akawanda epamusoro-tech zvinhu zvinoshandiswa.
Mobility motokari: Chikamu chakafara chewiricheya, inoshandiswa nevanhu vakura vakawanda. Kazhinji yakakamurwa kuita matatu-mavhiri uye mana-mavhiri mota, inotyairwa nemagetsi mota, ine yekumhanya inokwana 15km/h, uye yakagadzikwa zvinoenderana nekuremedza huwandu.
Kugadzirisa wiricheya
- Usati washandisa wiricheya uye mukati memwedzi mumwe chete, tarisa kana mabhaudhi akasununguka. Kana dzakasununguka, dzisimbise nenguva. Panguva yekushandiswa kwakajairika, kuongorora kunofanirwa kuitwa mwedzi mitatu yega yega kuona kuti zvikamu zvese zviri muchimiro chakanaka. Tarisa akasiyana-siyana akasimba nzungu pane wiricheya (kunyanya kugadzirisa nzungu dzeshure revhiri axle). Kana chero kusununguka kunowanikwa, gadzirisa uye simbisa iwo nenguva.
- Kana wiricheya ikasangana nemvura panguva yekushandiswa, inofanira kupukuta pakaoma nenguva. Chigaro chewiricheya chinoshandiswa zvakajairika chinofanirwawo kupukuta nguva nenguva nemucheka wakapfava wakaoma uye kuzorwa nenamo inodzivirira ngura kuitira kuti wiricheya irambe ichipenya uye yakanaka kwenguva yakareba.
- Tarisa mafambiro uye kushanduka kwemaitiro anotenderera nguva zhinji uye shandisa lubricant. Kana axle ye 24-inch vhiri ichida kubviswa nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero, ita shuwa kuti nati yakasimbiswa uye haizosununguka pakuidzosera zvakare.
- Mabhaudhi ekubatanidza echigaro chewiricheya ane hukama hwakasununguka uye haafanire kusimbiswa.
Nguva yekutumira: May-19-2025